Opened canned tomatoes and saw bubbles rising immediately. Is that fermentation or spoilage

of spoilage. This process can produce gas, leading to bubbling and sometimes even causing the can to bulge.
Fermentation typically involves yeasts or bacteria that feed on sugars, producing carbon dioxide and alcohol. If a can is compromised, either through a faulty seal or damage, these microorganisms might find their way inside, leading to unwanted fermentation. It’s important to assess other factors, such as smell and appearance, to determine if fermentation is occurring.
3. Visual Clues: What Safe, Normal Bubbles Look Like
Safe, normal bubbles are usually small, clear, and